Immediate implant placement for the treatment of a root-fractured tooth: Case report

The use of osseointegrated implants has become an important alternative treatment approach in the rehabilitation of totally or partially edentulous patients. The classic protocol recommended to wait several months following extraction for the placement of implants. However,   the   refinement   of   surgical   techniques   and   implant   surfaces   has   allowed   for   the development of immediate post-extraction implant placement procedures. The immediate loading protocol contributes not only to decrease treatment time but also minimize the amount bone resorption. Additional advantages include easier determination of implant position, improved post-­operative  healing  in  extraction  sockets,  and  increased  patient  acceptance.  The  objective  of the present study was to describe the extraction and immediate loading of a mandibular right central incisor following a diagnosis of root fracture. Our report showed that the results obtained with immediate implant placement are feasible and predictable, and that the use of one-stage procedures results in increased patient satisfaction

Entre o progresso e a tragédia: A Estrada de Ferro Santa Catarina e a perseguição aos indígenas Xokleng

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. HistóriaA presente obra busca discutir e analisar o processo de construção da Estrada de Ferro Santa Catarina, ferrovia construída no início do século XX na região de Blumenau, relacionando com o contexto da expansão da colonização no Vale do Itajaí e a perseguição empreendida aos indígenas como decorrência deste fenômeno, em especial ao povo Xokleng, moradores originais do Vale que viram suas terras serem progressivamente subtraídas com o avanço da colonização, em um cruel processo que perdura até os dias de hoje e que teve na construção da Estrada de Ferro Santa Catarina - desde os seus primórdios de suas obras até sua conclusão - um de seus mais violentos capítulos. Além da análise da vasta historiografia escrita a respeito da colonização no Vale do Itajaí como também da leitura de obras que trazem perspectivas indígenas sobre a chegada do homem branco ao Vale, também foram estudadas fontes documentais tais como legislação, relatórios e correspondências oficiais, além de notícias veiculadas pela imprensa da época, a fim de evidenciar a estreita ligação com que a Estrada de Ferro Santa Catarina teve com a expansão da colonização no Vale do Itajaí e seus impactos na campanha de perseguição empreendida aos indígenas xokleng

Série temporal da leishmaniose visceral no município de Goiânia, estado de Goiás, Brasil (2007 a 2016): aspectos humanos

Objective: to evaluate the epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Goiânia-Go, through retrospective studies of the historical series in the 2007-2016 period. Methods: descriptive study, retrospective of time series of data from the Sinan (Information System for Reportable Diseases) in the 2007-2016 period.  Results:  71 confirmed cases of human visceral leishmaniasis reported, and 71,8% were male. Adults aged 35-49 years were the most affected (33,8%). Only 16.9% presented co-infection with HIV. 78.9% of cases evolved with healing. The new cases corresponded to 78.9%. Of the confirmed cases, 3 were autochthonous. As a confirmatory criterion, 97.2% were defined clinically-laboratory (indirect immunofluorescence, 73.3%). Conclusion: the data indicate the importance of epidemiological surveillance and strategies in order to reduce the risk to the health of the population, especially, seeking a greater screening of the cases so that more assertive actions are taken in prevention and control.Objetivo: avaliar aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral no município de Goiânia-Go, por meio de estudo retrospectivo da série histórica no período de 2007 a 2016. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, epidemiológico, realizado por meio de levantamento na base de dados Sinan (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação). Os dados foram coletados em fevereiro de 2018 e são referentes aos anos de 2007 a 2016. Resultados: Foram notificados 71 casos confirmados de leishmaniose visceral humana, sendo 71,8% do sexo masculino, 33,8% na faixa etária de 35-49 anos. Apenas 16,9% apresentou-se co-infecção com HIV. Evoluíram com a cura 78,9% dos casos. Os casos novos corresponderam a 78,9%. Dos casos confirmados, 3 foram autóctones. Como critério de confirmação, 97,2% foram definidos clínicolaboratorialmente (imunofluorescência indireta, 73,3%).     Conclusões: os dados denotam a importância da vigilância epidemiológica e de estratégias a fim de reduzir o risco à saúde da população, principalmente, buscando maior triagem dos casos para que sejam tomadas mais assertivas em prevenção e controle

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy with concomitant ex vacuo hydrocephalus in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

Introduction: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a syndrome of gait disturbance with enlargement of the cerebral ventricles, not justified by another cause. It frequently occurs with cognitive dysfunction and overactivity of the bladder’s detrusor muscle, resulting in dementia and urinary incontinence. We report a case in which the patient´s gait and initial image suggested iNPH, posteriorly found to be a cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Objectives: To report a CSM with concomitant ex vacuo hydrocephalus case resembling iNPH and to discuss the biases of the initial diagnosis. Case presentation: A 78 year-old woman, previously diagnosed with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, presented to our ambulatory with a long history of progressive gait disturbance, radiating pain to the right arm and several episodes of falls. The relatives referred possible cognitive deficits in attention and memory, as well as urinary urgency. Given the peculiar unstable wide-based gait and history, an iNPH was suspected. At the outpatient unit, a transcranial ultrasound examination revealed large cerebral ventricles, compatible with hydrocephalus. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained at another facility suggested iNPH. The patient was then hospitalized at our hospital for investigation of iNPH and had a lumbar tap test scheduled. The complete neurological examination revealed: an unstable wide-based gait, with head and neck leaning forward, marche à petit pas, and prolonged Timed Up and Go Test; positive Romberg’s test; spasticity of the lower limbs; globally reduced muscular strength, especially at distal lower limbs and right hand (compatible with C6 and C7 myotomes); global preserved or enhanced reflexes; Hoffman and Tromner signs bilaterally; inversion of the right bicipital due to enlargement of the reflexive area of the ipsilateral tricipital; cutaneous plantar reflexes in flexion; impaired sensations on the right hand, especially on the index and middle fingers, with normal sensations on the left hand; loss of vibratory sensation at distal lower limbs; positive Spurling’s test; normal cranial nerves; normal coordination. Frontal Assessment Battery, Mini Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment showing no signs of cognitive impairment. As the neurological examination added a possible spinal cord syndrome differential diagnosis, the tap test was postponed and both brain and cervical MRIs ordered. The cervical MRI revealed a serious and extensive CSM compressing the spinal cord at C3 through C5. The brain MRI obtained at our institution showed hydrocephalus with no ventricular or acqueductal flow void, normal callosal angle and diffuse signs of brain atrophy, suggesting ex vacuo hydrocephalus. The patient then awaits for cervical decompressive neurosurgery. We bring this case to shed light on the differential diagnosis between these conditions, a case infrequently found in medical literature. The atypical presentation of CSM with longstanding parkinsonian-like gait, urinary disturbance and vague cognitive complaints, aside with the first mistaken MRI report, allowed the attending clinicians to search for iNPH. Whilst, notwithstanding the importance of complementary exams, its high accountability may lead to diagnostic error and unnecessary invasive procedures. This report emphasizes the importance of a complete neurologic examination to highlight a correct topographic and nosological diagnosis

Uma defesa do princípio da maioria no contexto dos debates sobre a legitimidade democrática do controle jurisdicional de constitucionalidade das leis

The main objective of this article is to promote a critique to the argument according to which the majority principle presents risks to democracy, usually employed by the advocates of the democratic legitimacy of the judicial review of legislation. In a democratic society, where the principles of freedom and equality are adopted, the majority principle provides a fair criterion to identify the points of view that ought to prevail at the end of collective processes of decision-making. The rules that require unanimity and qualified majority are insufficient to right the alleged injustices produced by the majority principle, by virtue of the difficulties they face to be enforced, the absence of real protection for the minorities and the internal contractions they show. Although it is possible to imagine a legal system in which the majority principle makes the existence of a tyranny or dictatorship of the majority possible, to assume that, in this context, judges will necessarily form the group of defenders of minorities’ rights is to promote a selective application of the equality principle.O principal objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma crítica ao argumento segundo o qual o princípio majoritário apresenta riscos à democracia, usualmente empregado pelos defensores da legitimidade democrática do controle jurisdicional de constitucionalidade das leis. Em uma sociedade democrática, onde os princípios da liberdade e da igualdade são adotados, o princípio majoritário fornece um critério justo para identificar os pontos de vista que devem prevalecer ao final de processos coletivos de tomada de decisão. As regras da unanimidade e da maioria qualificada são insuficientes para corrigir as alegadas injustiças produzidas pelo princípio da maioria, em virtude das dificuldades de efetivação que possuem, da ausência de real proteção às minorias e das contradições internas que apresentam. Embora seja possível imaginar um sistema jurídico no qual o princípio majoritário viabilize a existência de uma tirania ou ditadura da maioria, presumir que, nesse contexto, os juízes necessariamente formarão o grupo de defensores dos direitos das minorias é realizar uma aplicação seletiva do princípio da igualdade

Glyphosate effectiveness in the burndown of signalgrass at two levels of biomass

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a eficácia de glyphosate na dessecação de Urochloa ruziziensis, U. decumbens e U. brizantha cv. Piatã em dois níveis de biomassa para estabelecimento de plantio direto em áreas de Cerrado. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas de dois níveis de biomassa e as subparcelas foram constituídas por quatro dosagens do herbicida glyphosate na marca comercial Roundup Ultra® a 0,65; 1,30, 1,95 e 2,60 kg ha-1 de equivalente ácido. A aplicação foi realizada com pulverizador customizado pressurizado a CO2 com pressão constante de 210 kPa munido de barra com oito bicos com pontas TT110015, espaçados em 0,5 m e consumo de calda equivalente a 100 L ha-1. As avaliações basearam-se na porcentagem de controle da massa vegetal, realizada aos 10, 15 e 20 dias após a aplicação. Conclui-se que a U. ruziziensis é mais sensível ao glyphosate que as demais espécies pesquisadas e que os níveis de biomassa influenciam na dose a ser ministrada apenas para a U. decumbens e U. brizantha cv. Piatã.The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of glyphosate in desiccating Urochloa ruziziensis, U. decumbens, and U. brizantha cv. Piatã at two levels of biomass for no-till establishment in Cerrado areas. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications, in a split-plot system. Plots consisted of two levels of biomass and sub-plots consisted of four doses of Roundup Ultra® - glyphosate at 0.65; 1.30, 1.95 and 2.60 kg ha-1 acid equivalent. The application was performed using custom pressurized CO2 sprayer at the constant pressure of 210 kPa bar equipped with eight nozzles with TT110015, spaced at 0.5 m, and spray solution volume equivalent to 100 liters h-1. The assessments were based on the percentage of control of plant mass, performed on day 10, 15 and 20 after application. It is possible to conclude that U. ruziziensis is more sensitive to glyphosate than the other studied species and biomass levels influence doses to be given only for U. decumbens and U. brizantha cv. Piatã

Robot@factory lite: an educational approach for the competition with simulated and real environment

Teaching based on challenges and competitions is one of the most exciting and promising methods for students. In this paper, a competition of the Portuguese Robotics Open is addressed and a solution is proposed. The Robot@Factory Lite is a new challenge and accepts participants from secondary schools (Rookie) and universities. The concepts of simulation, hardware-in-the-loop and timed finite state machine are presented and validated in the real robot prototype. The aim of this paper is to disseminate the developed solution in order to attract more students to STEM educational program.This work is financed by the ERDF - European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation- COMPETE 2020 Programme within project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER- 006961), and by National Funds through the FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) as part of project UID /EEA/50014/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Productividad e indicadores económicos de ensilaje de maíz dulce tratado con bacterias diazotróficas y tiamina

Objective. Evaluate the productivity, sweet maize plants characteristics, crude protein and economic indicators of the production of sweet maize silage inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and thiamine as seed treatment (0; 15; 30; 45 mg kg-1). Material and Methods. Biometric characteristics, productivity, crude protein content were evaluated, and the total operational cost structure was used to determine the economic indexes of a productive cycle. Results. It was observed that treatments with isolated or combined application of A. brasilense and thiamine did not affect the plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry mass productivity and crude protein contents of sweet maize plants. However, the inoculation with A. brasilense increased in 24.36%, 24.36%, 53.15% and 10.47%, the productivity of fresh matter, gross revenue, operating profit and the profitability index, respectively, compared to the control treatment. Even with different responses, all treatments resulted in positive profitability indices, indicating the appropriate economic return with this activity. Conclusions. It was concluded that A. brasilense and thiamine applied as seed treatment do not significantly affect sweet maize plants development and composition; treatments influenced the economical indexes, and the isolated application of A. brasilense resulted in higher earnings; thiamine isolated application as seed treatment can be used as an alternative for improvement of economical gains.Objetivo. Evaluar la productividad, las características de las plantas de maíz dulce, la proteína cruda y los indicadores económicos de la producción de ensilaje de maíz dulce inoculado con Azospirillum brasilense y tiamina como tratamiento de semillas (0; 15; 30; 45 mg kg-1). Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron las características biométricas, la productividad, el contenido de proteína cruda y la estructura de costos operativos totales para determinar los índices económicos de un ciclo productivo. Resultados. Se observó que los tratamientos con aplicación aislada o combinada de A. brasilense y tiamina no afectaron la altura de la planta, el diámetro del tallo, la productividad en masa fresca y seca y el contenido de proteína cruda de las plantas de maíz dulce. Sin embargo, la inoculación con A. brasilense aumentó en 24.36%, 24.36%, 53.15% y 10.47%, la productividad de la materia fresca, los ingresos brutos, el beneficio operativo y el índice de rentabilidad, respectivamente, en comparación con el tratamiento de control. Incluso con diferentes respuestas, todos los tratamientos dieron como resultado índices de rentabilidad positivos, lo que indica el rendimiento económico apropiado con esta actividad. Conclusiones. Se concluyó que A. brasilense y tiamina aplicadas como tratamiento de semillas no afectan significativamente el desarrollo y la composición de las plantas de maíz dulce; los tratamientos influyeron en los índices económicos, y la aplicación aislada de A. brasilense resultó en mayores ganancias; La aplicación aislada de tiamina como tratamiento de semillas puede usarse como una alternativa para mejorar las ganancias económicas

SOD PRODUCTION AND NUTRIENT EXTRACTION BY EMERALD ZOYSIAGRASS WITH SPLIT NITROGEN APPLICATIONS

Nitrogen is the nutrient that provides the best grass growth responses, and proper nitrogen fertilization can enable the formation of sod in less time and firm enough to be handled after harvest. The aim of this study was to evaluate production and nutrient extraction of Emerald zoysiagrass (Zoysia japônica Steud.) according to the splitting of nitrogen doses. Treatments consisted of five doses (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg ha-1) divided in to four applications, provided the formation of Emerald zoysiagrass sods six months after the previous sod harvest. Nutrient extraction by Emerald zoysiagrass occurs in the descending order, em kg ha-1: N (207) > K (57) > (Ca) > S (27) > P (14) = Mg (14).

Controle de plantas daninhas por meio da consorciação com Gliricídia. II. Cultura do milho

Um dos principais interesses da agricultura moderna é a redução no uso de herbicidas; para isso, diversas alternativas estão sendo investigadas, inclusive a consorciação. A cobertura do solo com ramos de gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium) não tem efeito alelopático sobre o milho ou feijão, mas diminui significativamente a população de algumas espécies de plantas daninhas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os rendimentos de espigas verdes e de grãos de cultivares de milho, em resposta ao controle de plantas daninhas, por meio da consorciação com gliricídia. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas e cinco repetições. Os cultivares 1051, AG 2060, BRS 2020 e PL 6880 (atribuídos às parcelas) foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: sem capina, duas capinas (realizadas aos 20 e 40 dias após a semeadura) e consorciação com gliricídia. Esta planta foi cultivada em um sistema de transplantio, para garantir germinação uniforme e rápido estabelecimento no campo. A semeadura foi feita em bandejas de 200 células, com uma semente por célula (volume de 35 mL). As plantas emergiram dois a três dias após a semeadura e foram transplantadas para o local definitivo dois a três dias após a emergência. O milho foi semeado no mesmo dia em que a gliricídia foi transplantada. Dezesseis espécies de plantas daninhas ocorreram em diferentes frequências, com distribuição desuniforme na área experimental. Os cultivares AG 1051 e AG 2060 foram os melhores quanto à maioria das características avaliadoras do rendimento de milho verde. O cultivar AG 1051 foi o melhor quanto ao rendimento de grãos. Os maiores rendimentos de espigas verdes e de grãos foram obtidos com duas capinas. Todavia, o fato de as parcelas consorciadas terem apresentado médias intermediárias às médias das parcelas não-capinadas e capinadas – em algumas características avaliadoras do rendimento de espigas verdes e no rendimento de grãos – indica que a gliricídia foi benéfica ao milho e exerceu certo controle sobre as plantas daninhas. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTA reduction in herbicide use is one of modern agriculture’s main interests and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including intercropping. Gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium) mulch has no allelopathic effect on corn or beans but significantly decreased the population of some weed species. The objective of this study was to evaluate green ear and grain yield in corn cultivars as a response to weed control achieved via intercropping with gliricidia. A completely randomized block design with five replicates and split-plots was used. Cultivars AG 1051, AG 2060, BRS 2020, and PL 6880 (assigned to plots) were submitted to the following treatments: no hoeing, hoeing (performed at 20 and 40 days after sowing the corn), and corn intercropped with gliricidia. Gliricidia was grown in a transplanting system to ensure uniform germination and fast establishment in the field. Seeding was made in 200-cell trays with one seed per cell (35 mL volume). The plants emerged two to three days after sowing and were transplanted to a permanent site two to three days after emergence. Corn was sown on the same day gliricidia was transplanted. Sixteen weed species occurred at different frequencies, with uneven distribution in the experimental area. Cultivars AG 1051 and AG 2060 were the best with reference to most characteristics employed to evaluate green corn yield. Cultivar AG 1051 provided the highest grain yield. The highest green ear yield and grain yield values were obtained with hoeing. However, the fact that intercropped plots showed intermediate yield between the values obtained for hoed and non-hoed plots indicates that gliricidia was beneficial to corn, and exerted a certain level of weed control